There is a mystique and
romance surrounding tequila that few other products enjoy.
The import has captivated the imagination of the American
drinking public, making it one of the fastest growing categories
of spirits in the country. Fueling the phenomenon is a small
cadre of upscale, 100% agave tequilas.
Unlike their blended counterparts,
100% agave tequilas are distilled from nothing but the Weber
blue agave, a majestic green succulent native to Mexico
and related to the aloe. While there are nearly 360 varieties
of the agave, tequila can only be made from the Weber blue
agave.
The first sip of a 100%
agave tequila will quickly reveal why it is so tremendously
popular. The extraordinary character and aroma of the agave
is remarkably appealing. These tequilas are so rich and
vibrant that you're left with the unmistakable conclusion
that this is how tequila is meant to taste.
From the planting of the
agave to unbarreling the añejo, the production cycle
can exceed a decade to complete. Once the agave is deemed
ready for harvesting, its large, spiny leaves are lopped
off, and the remaining plant—referred to as a piña—is
taken directly to the distillery. There they are steamed
in large ovens, crushed, and placed in vats to ferment.
The fermented wash is then double-distilled. Some 100% agave
tequilas are distilled in alembic stills, similar to those
used to distill cognac, others in stainless steel continuous
stills. The result is an exquisite spirit of incomparable
quality. By law, a 100% agave tequila must state that fact
on its front label.
Because the blue agave
is so expensive to cultivate for the 8 to 10 years it takes
the plant to reach maturity, the Mexican government permits
rank and file tequila—called mixto—to
contain up to 49% sugar (caña or glucosa)
as an adjunct during fermentation.
On every label of tequila
is a four-digit NOM number. NOM is an acronym for "Norma
Oficial Mexicana," a set of laws that establish standards
of quality for the production of tequila. An NOM number
is assigned to an individual distillery, signifying that
the tequila was made by that distiller alone, and that the
tequila passes all standards of quality. If you find two
brands of tequila that have the same NOM number, the same
distiller produced them. Some distillers produce as many
as 25 different brands of tequila.
CRAFTING 100% AGAVE TEQUILA
The production of 100% agave tequilas
is closely scrutinized by the government to ensure exacting
quality standards are maintained. The aging of both reposados
and añejos are closely scrutinized. Seals are affixed
to the opening of the barrels to certify when the tequila
was barreled and to guarantee that nothing is added to
the tequila as it ages.
Handcrafting 100%
agave tequila is a laborious, expensive process. Ounce
per ounce, these ultra-premium tequilas are comparable
in cost to older single malt Scotch and well-aged cognac.
When it leaves
the still, the tequila is as clear as water. It is transferred
into a holding tank, typically for less than 24 hours.
At this point, some of the tequila is sent on to be aged
in oak, with the remainder being bottled as blanco
or plata ("silver") tequila. The best way to assess
a tequila's inherent attributes is to sample the blanco
version. The tequila is unaffected by aging in oak. Blanco
tequilas are vibrant, bursting with flavor and best represent
the wonderfully compelling qualities of tequila.
Reposado
("rested") tequila is aged in wood for a minimum of two
months, although most remain in the wood four to eight
months. The wood imparts tannins that soften and mellow
the tequila. It strikes a true balance between the fresh,
spirited character of a silver tequila and the refinement
of an añejo.
Añejo
tequila must legally be aged a minimum of one year in
barrels 600 liters or smaller. Most añejo tequilas
are aged in oak barrels that have previously been used
to age bourbon. Used barrels impart less tannin into the
tequila and imbue the spirit with a subtle whiskey character.
Aging in wood leaves some añejo tequilas smooth and
luxurious, with a subtle amber hue. In others, the character
of the wood is dominant, with prominent tannin and a broad
vanilla flavor.
MARKETING 100% AGAVE TEQUILA
As with any high-ticket item, properly
marketing 100% agave tequilas will greatly assist your efforts
to create customer brand-recognition.
- Conduct horizontal-tastings
for your staff and clientele so they can better experience
first-hand the intriguing differences between the various
brands. Ensure your staff is well informed about tequila,
on what makes 100% blue agave tequilas so exceptional
and why they're worth their higher price.
- Encourage the guests
to conduct their own horizontal tastings, comparing the
character and personality of three, ideally paired tequilas.
Provide them with tasting portions (1/2 ounce) of several
different brands of tequila, so they can compare the attributes
of each and determine their favorite styles. After the
guests have had an opportunity to compare the three, talk
with them about their observations. Afterwards, people
often purchase the tequila they preferred.
- To enhance customer
appreciation, serve añejo tequilas in snifters or
wineglasses.
MASTERING MARGARITAS
The margarita has come a long way
since its inception. While still concocted from a base
of tequila, lime or lemon juice, and triple sec, variations
on the theme are the current craze. Specialty margaritas
best illustrate why leaving well enough alone is not always
sound advice.
The cocktail lends
itself to several methods of preparation, and variations
in fruit-flavorings. It blends easily with liqueurs, and
marries well with the taste of different types of ingredients.
For these reasons, on-premise operators have taken advantage
of the margarita's versatility by creating scores of creative
variations.
Make every margarita
you serve a work of art. To help, we've unraveled the
secrets behind the great signature margaritas.
- FEATURED PERFORMERS
— Silver tequila is most
frequently in a margarita, not because of its lower cost,
but for its robust and vibrant character. It adds a vitality
to the margarita that aged tequilas don't quite manage.
- QUALITY MATTERS
— Don't hesitate, however,
to use premium tequilas in your margaritas. Committing
expensive tequila to a margarita is not sacrilege, it's
creative genius. When looking to use a top-shelf tequila
choose a recipe that adequately showcases the tequila.
- CREATIVE MODIFIERS
— If you're looking to modify
your margaritas with something a little more interesting
than triple sec, consider adding a healthy splash of Chambord,
Midori, or Disaronno Amaretto. Another often relied upon
cordial is blue Curaçao, an orange-flavored liqueur
slightly sweeter than triple sec and beloved for its luminous
blue color.
- SPIN DOCTORS
— For those aching to try
out their blender, consider the Midnight Madness Margarita,
a novel swirled-drink made in two parts, one requiring
blue Curaçao and the other Chambord. The resulting
drink is both delicious and visually striking. The Raspberry
Torte Margarita is a blended specialty separated in the
middle by a layer of luscious raspberry puree.
- PUTTING ON A GAME
FACE — After spending
countless hours devising a fabulous signature margarita,
do not undermine your efforts by sending it out in public
underdressed with an ordinary rim of coarse salt. Embellish
your specialties in the style they deserve with designer
salts. High fashion has indeed hit the world of margarita
salt. Franco's of Pompano Beach, Florida, has introduced
a number of brightly colored margarita salts, including
blue, green, orange, gold, pink, purple, red, turquoise
and yellow.
MASTERING TEQUILA SPEAK
Half of the fun of being a tequila
aficionado is using technical jargon and knowing what you're
talking about. It allows you to engage others in conversation
and not only hold your own, but perhaps set them straight
on a few things. To that end, we offer this lexicon of tequila
speak to help better prepare you for the fray. ¡Salud!
- AGAVE TEQUILANA
WEBER — The variety of
agave from which tequila is distilled.
- AÑEJO
— A tequila that has been
aged in barrels for a minimum of one year with most aged
in 180-liter, oak barrels.
- BLANCO —
The name given to clear, unaged tequila. Also know as
plata or silver.
- FÁBRICA
— The word for a tequila
distillery.
- JIMADOR —
The person who harvests the agaves in the fields.
- JOVEN ABOCADO
— Also known as 'gold tequila,'
joven abocado tequilas are unaged and contain caramel
coloring and flavor additives, giving them an amber/golden
hue and a touch of sweetness or wood/oak flavor.
- MIXTO —
A type of tequila made by blending up to 40% non-agave
sugars with the agave aguamiel in the fermentation
tank.
- REPOSADO —
Meaning "rested," a reposado tequila must legally be aged
in oak for a minimum of two months, but less than a year.
- TEQUILA —
A distilled spirit produced within a restricted geographic
zone of Mexico double distilled from the fermented juice
of the Weber blue agave.
- TEQUILERO
— A master distiller of tequila.